Abstract

The climate pattern across the globe particularly changes in temperature and humidity have a significant impact on the sitar instrument which is constructed from organic materials namely wood, gourd and metal strings. This research investigates how environmental factors impact its physical condition and its acoustic characteristics. Data was collected from five senior sitar artists and four instrument makers and a repair specialist. Findings demonstrate that the wooden components swell due to high humidity by producing weaker sound output. The strings and frets undergo corrosion damage. The combination of dry and hot conditions results in material shrinkage leading to cracks and loose components. Performers related how the monsoon season, dry summer and winter including performance spaces such as studios and auditorium affect sound production. The research documents the structural damages, the repair techniques and preservation of the instrument. It further highlights that climate also affects its tonal quality.